VISUAL AXIOLOGY OF THE POST-KIEV URBAN MODEL
DOI: 10.23951/2312-7899-2022-1-24-40
The article is dedicated to the study of the axiological transformation of the leading urban planning model of the Russian Middle Ages in the second half of the 12th century. The article shows that the construction program of Andrei Bogolyubsky, which was supposed to solve the problem of architectural design of the idea of Vladimir’s priority over Kiev, led to an ori-entation towards Western architectural samples, which, nevertheless, underwent an obvious adaptation to the established Russian-Byzantine artistic tradition. Expressing quite clear ideo-logical priorities of the duke and dukedom, the urban environment of Vladimir acquired a visually fixed axiological peculiarity. This axiology, new for Russia, indicates the start of the original Russian urban planning model transformation: the transformation of sacredness is gradually losing its exclusive cultural and semiotic meaning, and acquiring a vivid political emphasis. That is why the prototype-city, having lost its sacred character, loses its former value and therefore becomes a subject to cruel destruction. The purposeful and meaningful attempt of Duke Andrei to deprive Kiev of the character and function of “Jerusalem” and to build a new city as an alternative to the old sacred center demonstrates the beginning of de-struction of the Jerusalem urban matrix and lays the initial foundation for the future theory of the “third Rome”.
Keywords: medieval urbanism, axiology of city, Russian urban planning models, sacred semiotics of urban space, North-Eastern Russia, city of Vladimir, Andrei Bogolyubsky, Romanesque architecture, “third Rome”
References:
Arutyunova-Fidanyan, V. A. (2019). Contacts between ancient Rus’ and Armenia. Beginning. Vestnik Pravoslavnogo Svyato-Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta. Seriya III: Filologiya – St. Tikhon’s University Review. Series III: Philology, 61, 11–27. (In Russian).
Avanesov, S. S. (2017). Sacred topics of Russian cities (3). Semantics of the interior of the Saint Sophia Cathedral. ΠΡΑΞΗΜΑ. Problemy vizual’noy semiotiki – ΠΡΑΞΗΜΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, 2(12), 30–78. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2017-2-30-78
Aver’yanova, Yu. V. (2002). Otrazhenie sofiynoy idei domostroitel’stva v “Povesti ob ubienii Andreya Bogolyubskogo” [Reflection of the Sophian idea of house-building in the “Tale of the Murder of Andrei Bogolyubsky”]. Drevnyaya Rus’: Voprosy medievistiki, 1(7), 90–94.
Bondarenko, I. A. (2017). Teoriya v istorii arkhitektury i gradostroitel’stva [Theory in the history of architecture and urban planning]. Kolo.
Bychkov, A. F., et al. (Eds.). (1846). Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisey [Complete collection of Russian chronicles] (vol. 1). V tipografii Eduarda Pratsa.
Bychkov, A. F., et al. (Eds.). (1862). Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisey [Complete collection of Russian chronicles] (vol. 9). V tipografii Eduarda Pratsa.
Gulyanitsky, N. F. (Ed.). (1993). Drevnerusskoe gradostroitel’stvo X–XV vekov [Old-Russian urban planning of 10th–15th centuries]. Stroyizdat.
Ioannisyan, O. M. (1985). Zodchestvo Severo-Vostochnoy Rusi XII–XIII vv. [Architecture of North-Eastern Russia of the 12th – 13th centuries]. InI. V. Dubov, Goroda, velichestvom siyayushchie [Cities shining with majesty](pp. 140–180). Leningrad State University.
Karpov, A. Yu. (2015). Vladimir Svyatoy [Saint Vladimir]. Molodaya gvardiya.
Khalpakhchyan O. Kh. (1977). Kul’turnye svyazi Vladimiro-Suzdal’skoy Rusi i Armenii [Cultural ties between Vladimir-Suzdal Rus’ and Armenia]. Stroyizdat.
Komech, A. I. (1997). Arkhitektura Lombardii i Verkhnego Reyna XI–XII vv. (K problemam russkoy “romaniki”) [Architecture of Lombardy and the Upper Rhine 11th – 12th centuries. (To the problems of Russian “Roman style”). In Vizantiya. Rus’. Zapadnaya Evropa. Iskusstvo i kul’tura [Byzantium. Old Rus. Western Europe. Art and culture] (pp. 14–15). Dmitriy Bulanin.
Komech, A. I. (2002). Arkhitektura Vladimira 1150–1180-kh gg. Khudozhestvennaya priroda i genezis “russkoy romaniki” [Architecture of Vladimir of the 1150s–1180s. Artistic nature and genesis of the “Russian Romantic style”]. In O. E. Etingof (Ed.), Drevnerusskoe iskusstvo. Rus’ i strany vizantiyskogo mira. XII vek [Old Russian art. Old Rus and the countries of the Byzantine world. 12th century] (pp. 231–254). Dmitriy Bulanin.
Kudryavtseva, T. P. (1975). K voprosu o “romanskikh” vliyaniyakh vo vladimiro-suzdal’skom zodchestve [On the Romanesque influences in Vladimir and Suzdal architecture]. Arkhitekturnoe nasledstvo, 23, 30–36.
Maksimov, P. N. (1976). Tvorcheskie metody drevnerusskikh zodchikh [Creative methods of old Russian architects]. Stroyizdat.
Mammaev, M. M. (2009). Dagestan i Vladimiro-Suzdal’skaya Rus’: k voprosu o syuzhetno-tematicheskom parallelizme v iskusstve [Dagestan and Vladimir-Suzdal Rus: On the issue of plot-thematic parallelism in art]. Vestnik Instituta istorii, arkheologii i etnografii – History, Archeology and Ethnography of Caucasus, 3, 85–113.
Nasonov, A. N. (Ed.). (1950). Novgorodskaya pervaya letopis’ starshego i mladshego izvodov [The First Novgorod Chronicle of the senior and junior editions]. USSR AS.
Rappoport, P. A. (1986). Zodchestvo drevney Rusi [The architecture of Old Rus]. Nauka.
Sedov, V. V. (2017). The Bogoliubovo Ciborium: The Phial and the Interpretation of the Architectural Complex]. In A. M. Lidov (Ed.), Svyataya voda v ierotopii i ikonografii khristianskogo mira [Holy water in the hierotopy and iconography of the Christian world] (pp. 397–414). Feoriya.
Sedov, V. V. (2014). Bogolyubovskiy kivoriy i ego vizantiyskie analogi [The Bogolyubovo Ciborium and its Byzantine Analogies]. In A. M. Lidov (Ed.), Zhivonosnyy istochnik. Voda v ierotopii i ikonografii khristianskogo mira [The life-giving source. Water in the hierotopy and iconography of the Christian world] (pp. 110–111). Filigan’.
Solntsev, N. I. (2012). The concept of “New Jerusalem” in the construction initiative of Andrey Bogolubsky. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo – Vestnik of Lobachevsky University of Nizhni Novgorod, 4(1), 275–281. (In Russian).
Solntsev, N. I. (2016). On the question of substantiating the reasons for the creation of an architectural complex in Vladimir on the Klyazma. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N. I. Lobachevskogo – Vestnik of Lobachevsky University of Nizhni Novgorod, 3, 86–92. (In Russian).
Voronin, N. N. (1961). Zodchestvo Severo-Vostochnoy Rusi XII–XV vekov [The architecture of North-Eastern Russia of the 12th–15th centuries] (vol. 1). USSR AS.
Voronin, N. N. (1967). Vladimir. Bogolyubovo. Suzdal’. Yur’ev-Pol’skoy [Vladimir. Bogolyubovo. Suzdal. Yuryev-Polskoy]. Iskusstvo.
Voskoboynikov, O. S. (2014). Tysyacheletnee tsarstvo (300–1300): Ocherk khristianskoy kul’tury Zapada [Millennial kingdom (300–1300): Essay on the Christian culture of the West]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie.
Wagner, G. K. (1980). Starye russkie goroda [Old Russian cities]. Iskusstvo: Editsion.
Wagner, G. K. (1988). Arkhitekturnaya programma Andreya Bogolyubskogo [Architectural program of Andrei Bogolyubsky]. In Drevnosti slavyan i Rusi [Antiquities of the Slavs and Rus] (pp. 198–201). Nauka.
( 981.74 kB ) 
( 965.61 kB )
Issue: 1, 2022
Series of issue: Issue 1
Rubric: ARTICLES
Pages: 24 — 40
Downloads: 640